National Water and Sewerage Corporation (NWSC), a key stakeholder in water management, plays a crucial role in protecting the environment and preserving water sources. Its responsibility extends beyond supplying clean water to ensuring the sustainability and health of the ecosystems that provide this vital resource. Water utilities have a fundamental role in protecting the sources of water supply, such as rivers, lakes, and groundwater reservoirs. This involves:

1. Collaborating with local communities and stakeholders to implement watershed management strategies that prevent pollution and degradation. NWSC has instituted forums such as the Water Community and Sensitization Clubs to educate the public about the importance of environmental and source protection.
2. Monitoring water quality and conducting regular assessments to identify potential risks and implement appropriate safeguards. NWSC has recruited professional and experienced personnel who regularly check the quality of different water sources. The corporation has also established chemical and biological labs to test and ensure the quality of these sources.
3. Promoting sustainable land use practices in the surrounding areas to minimize contamination risks and maintain water quality. NWSC, through its clubs such as the School Water and Sanitation Clubs and Young Water Professionals, has carried out tree planting campaigns to reduce water stress conditions. The corporation has also educated the masses about the dangers of poor land use practices along the shores and banks of water sources, such as sand mining and rice growing, which can lead to flooding.

Water utilities have a responsibility to minimize their environmental impact by implementing advanced treatment technologies to ensure the delivery of safe and clean water to consumers while minimizing the release of harmful byproducts.

NWSC is implementing effective waste management practices to prevent the release of harmful chemicals and pollutants into water bodies. It has established waste treatment plants such as the Bugolobi Waste Water Treatment and the Lubigi Sewerage Treatment plants to treat wastewater before it is discharged into the ecosystem. NWSC has also advised customers not connected to the sewer network to practice onsite sanitation through the construction of septic tanks on their properties, instead of discharging waste or fecal matter into water bodies.